Food Security & GHG Knowledge Gaps in Aquaponic Grow Systems

Abstract

The increasing pressures of climate change, resource scarcity, and environmental degradation necessitate a paradigm shift towards sustainable food production systems. Aquaponics, an integrated cultivation method combining aquaculture and hydroponics, emerges as a promising solution, embodying the principles of a circular economy. However, the utilisation of aquaponics, especially under changing climatic and resource-depleting conditions, as well as its contribution towards global greenhouse gas emissions, has been little discussed. Therefore, this study examines how aquaponics addresses the limitations imposed by climate change by enabling food production on non-arable lands, including urban areas, and potentially reducing greenhouse gas emissions, carbon, water, and energy footprints compared to traditional farming for equivalent yields. The study further examines technological advancements, socio-economic benefits such as localised food systems and job creation, as well as the inherent challenges and limitations of aquaponics. Likewise, innovative waste management strategies, particularly the utilisation of fish sludge as a valuable resource, are discussed and evaluated. In conclusion, if considered and utilised to its full potential, aquaponics has the potential to make a significant contribution to a more sustainable and resilient global food system in the face of growing environmental and resource constraints.