Earth rotates on itself, the revelation of the Qur’an more than 1400 years ago

Abstract

This paper explores the verse Qur’an 27:88, which describes mountains as appearing motionless while in fact they move “like clouds.” Though poetic in style, this verse anticipates principles now understood in modern science and astrophysics. Using reference frame theory, the movement of mountains, caused by the Earth’s rotation and orbit, is examined. From a terrestrial frame, mountains seem fixed; however, in a heliocentric or universal frame, they move at high velocities comparable in order of magnitude to clouds. The verse thus reflects a deeper truth about the motion of the Earth, echoing what Copernicus proposed centuries later. This alignment between the Qur’an and scientific discoveries invites reflection on the Quran and modern science, particularly the miracles of the Quran revealed over 1400 years ago, and presents early encouragement toward astrophysical understanding.