International Standards for Judicial Accountability and the Accountability of the Judiciary

Abstract

This research addresses a wide range of aspects related to the accountability of judges and the judiciary, including international and regional standards and best practices that emphasize the need to achieve a balance between judicial independence and accountability. It defines the concept of accountability in general and judicial accountability in particular—whether in terms of holding judges accountable as individuals or holding the judiciary accountable before parliament as a body representing the people within the framework of balance and cooperation between the branches of government. The study also identifies the scope of exceptions to accountability, such as immunity.

Additionally, it explains the meaning of judicial conduct that warrants accountability under international law, such as violations of human rights, violations of international humanitarian law, and judicial corruption. The research then discusses the most important procedural and institutional safeguards that must be observed when holding judges accountable.